FILE - A health worker gives a polio vaccine to a child in Karachi, Pakistan, May 23, 2022. British health authorities on Wednesday, Aug. 10 say they will offer a polio booster dose to children aged 1 to 9 in London, after finding evidence the virus has been spreading in multiple regions of the capital, despite not confirming any cases of the paralytic disease in people. (AP Photo/Fareed Khan, file)
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We think that a form of the vaccine taken orally which uses a weakened living version of poliovirus has generated the virus that health officials say that they are spreading in two suburban counties in New York and infected and paralyzed in Party to a young adult without vaccination there.
"Even a single case of paralytic polio represents a public health emergency in the United States", centers for disease control and prevention was said in a new report on the case on Tuesday , stressing that this is only the second case community transmission of the American virus since 1979. "This case highlights the risk of parallitic disease between unpreceded persons".
Fortunately, those who have been vaccinated against polyomyelitis, is one of the 10 vaccinations required for admission to California K-12 schools, they should not worry, according to medical experts. The live version of the virus used in vaccines now in question is no longer used in the United States. ."If you have been vaccinated, you will be protected. You have nothing to fear," said Dr. Lee Riley, who chairs infectious diseases and the vaccination department of the University of California in Berkeley. "These are those who need to worry have not been vaccinated."
The polio virus enters the body through the mouth and lives in the throat and the intestines. It extends through the contact of the person to the person during cough or sneezing or by contact with infected excrement. Most infected people have no symptoms. About one in four develops symptoms similar to the flu that disappears after two to five days.
Two similar cases have been identified in the United Kingdom and Israel. As of August 10, according to the CDC report, no other case of polio was detected in the United States.
But the CDC said that the detection of the polio virus in wastewater from the County Rockland and Orange in New York, "said community transmission and the continuous risk of paralysis for unconnected people."
How the patient in New York was infected and the virus has entered the wastewater system, said CDC. But because he had not traveled abroad, "said a chain of transmission to the United States is from a person who received a ... polyomyelitis vaccine abroad."
The United States has ceased to administer vaccines to polio attenuated orally for routine vaccination in 2000 and were largely suspended worldwide in 2016, the CDC said. Since then, the United States has only used the polyomyelitis vaccine which contains inactivated viruses which cannot reproduce, strengthen or cause a disease.
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When the virus is reproduced in a person who has been recently vaccinated, "it can cause viral inversion to neurovirulence," said the CDC, which means that it recovers its power as paralyzing and potentially destroying pathogen . Non -vaccinated people exposed to the virus derived from the vaccine can fall sick with polio.
"It goes back to what it was," said Riley. "This kind of occurrence is rare."
About 1 people in 2,000 infected people will suffer weakness in the arms and legs. Up to 1 in 10 people can undergo more extensive paralysis which makes them unable to breathe by themselves, and many of them die.
The United States saw its worst polyomyelitis epidemics in the 1940s before vaccines were available, while up to 35,000 cases of polio paralysis each year. Epidemics caused quarantines and made many parents feared that their children played with other children outside.
Cases fell considerably with the introduction of polyomyelitis vaccines in the 1950s, and North America and South America were declared polyomyelitis in 1994. The last similar transmission of viruses to states -Unis took place in 2005 when a friendly baby did not vaccinated by a weakened immune system was hospitalized in Minnesota.
There was no parallitic disease and there were no other cases. The first demonstrated transmission of the polyomyelitis virus derived from the vaccine in a community that is not very vaccinated in a developed country has been envisaged.
Infected young people infected with adults last month in New York initially experienced fever, stiff neck, gastrointestinal symptoms and weakness of the ends that caused a hospital visit.
.What was particularly worrying for the CDC is the relatively low vaccination rate in these New York counties. In the County of Rockland, where the infected patient lives, the polyomyelitis vaccination rate had increased from 67% in 2020 to 60% in 2022 and as low as 37% in certain postal codes, compared to a national rate of almost 93%.
"Everyone decreases over time," said Riley about vaccines, "but not as fast as current vaccines". dr. Seth Blumberg, assistant medical professor at UC San Francisco, said that there were probably more infections not detected among unvaccinated people in New York because most people with polio do not have symptoms. The cases are on the other side of the country, but that's a reason enough to get the blows. "If you are not vaccinated in California, I would vaccine," said Blumberg. "If you have vaccinated, you are sure." Associated articles
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